Frequently Asked Questions About Linux / UNIX » FreeBSD http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq Every answer asks a more beautiful question. Fri, 03 Feb 2012 22:38:32 +0000 en hourly 1 http://wordpress.org/?v=3.3.1 Linux / UNIX: Smartctl Check Hard Disk Behind 3Ware RAID Cardhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-freebsd-3w-9xxx-smartctl-check-hard-disk-command/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-freebsd-3w-9xxx-smartctl-check-hard-disk-command/#comments Sat, 25 Jun 2011 13:49:00 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=10759 I've CentOS Linux and FreeBSD based server running using 3Ware (9650SE-2LP) RAID card. I know how to check hard disk behind Adaptec raid controllers, but how do I look at ATA / SATA disks behind 3ware SCSI RAID controllers using smartctl command?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-linux-freebsd-3w-9xxx-smartctl-check-hard-disk-command/feed/ 0 FreeBSD Jail Allow Sound And Flash Accesshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebssd-enable-sound-inside-jailed-kde-gnome-xfce-desktop/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebssd-enable-sound-inside-jailed-kde-gnome-xfce-desktop/#comments Mon, 25 Apr 2011 12:49:22 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=10410 I am running KDE desktop within FreeBSD jail. How do I get audio working from inside the FreeBSD jail so that flash will also work? ]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebssd-enable-sound-inside-jailed-kde-gnome-xfce-desktop/feed/ 2 HowTo: Install Ports in Freebsdhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/install-ports-in-freebsd/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/install-ports-in-freebsd/#comments Tue, 05 Apr 2011 09:56:08 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=10203 How do I install ports in FreeBSD operating systems using the command line options?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/install-ports-in-freebsd/feed/ 3 FreeBSD Install VMWare Guest Toolshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-install-vmware-freebsd-tools-tar-gz-files/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-install-vmware-freebsd-tools-tar-gz-files/#comments Mon, 28 Feb 2011 11:58:19 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=10114 How do I install VMWare tools under FreeBSD guest operating systems?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-install-vmware-freebsd-tools-tar-gz-files/feed/ 0 Linux / UNIX: TZ Environment Variablehttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-set-tz-environment-variable/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-set-tz-environment-variable/#comments Sat, 29 Jan 2011 11:54:40 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=9863 What is the correct format for a TZ (time zone) environment variable for use with the Linux or UNIX operating system?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-set-tz-environment-variable/feed/ 0 Linux / UNIX: Untar / Extract a .lzma Tar Ballhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/open-extract-lzma-under-rhel-centos-debian-ubuntu/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/open-extract-lzma-under-rhel-centos-debian-ubuntu/#comments Wed, 08 Sep 2010 08:33:48 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=8735 I’ve downloaded a file called file.tar.lzma tar ball from the Internet but I am not able to open tar ball. How do I open or extract a .lzma file under Linux or UNIX like operating systems using command line options?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/open-extract-lzma-under-rhel-centos-debian-ubuntu/feed/ 1 FreeBSD: Atheros AR8131 / AR8132 Gigabit Fast Ethernet Driver Configurationhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-install-atheros-ar8131-ar8132-ethernet-lan-driver/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-install-atheros-ar8131-ar8132-ethernet-lan-driver/#comments Thu, 22 Jul 2010 01:07:03 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=8502 I have installed FreeBSD 8.x on my Laptop with Windows 7 in dual boot mode. But I'm unable to connect to the LAN or Internet using Atheros AR8132 card. How do I configure this card under FreeBSD?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-install-atheros-ar8131-ar8132-ethernet-lan-driver/feed/ 0 FreeBSD: Disable / Stop Console Beep ( Bell )http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-stop-console-terminal-beep-bell/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-stop-console-terminal-beep-bell/#comments Wed, 21 Jul 2010 01:45:01 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=8485 I know how to turn off console beep under Gnome Linux desktop. How do I stop console beep under FreeBSD operating systems?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-stop-console-terminal-beep-bell/feed/ 0 FreeBSD: Permanently Delete / Remove Files With Shredhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-securely-permanently-delete-file-data/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-securely-permanently-delete-file-data/#comments Wed, 23 Jun 2010 18:54:36 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=7912 I'm going to upgrade my FreeBSD 7.x server hard disks and going to send back the original 73GB hard disk to my vendor. I wanted to make sure that no one should able to use my personal data from old hard disk, especially files stored in /home/you/projects directory. I know how to use sDelete under MS-Windows to delete a file permanently. How do I permanently erase files under FreeBSD operating systems?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-securely-permanently-delete-file-data/feed/ 2 KVM Virsh: Redirect FreeBSD Console To A Serial Porthttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-kvm-redirecting-freebsd-virtual-machines-console-to-aserialport/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-kvm-redirecting-freebsd-virtual-machines-console-to-aserialport/#comments Thu, 03 Jun 2010 07:57:15 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=7615 I'm using KVM to run multiple virtual machines under Redhat Enterprise Linux server 5.5. I've installed FreeBSD 7.x 64 bit as guest operating systems. How do I redirect the FreeBSD version 6, 7 or 8 virtual machine console to a serial port using virsh console command for management purpose from host itself? ]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-kvm-redirecting-freebsd-virtual-machines-console-to-aserialport/feed/ 0 HowTo: Linux Remove a PDF File Password Using Command Line Optionshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/removing-password-from-pdf-on-linux/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/removing-password-from-pdf-on-linux/#comments Wed, 13 Jan 2010 07:25:49 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=6294 I get lots of e-bills (utility, telephone, Internet, mobile, cable and so on) in a PDF format for my small business and I need to forward those to my accountant. However, all PDFs files are password protected. I don't want to share my account password with anyone to just open my bills. Evince is a PDF document viewer capable of displaying password protected files but it cannot remove the password. How do I remove a password from all PDFs under Ubuntu or any other Linux distribution in a batch mode? ]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/removing-password-from-pdf-on-linux/feed/ 17 KVM virt-install: Install FreeBSD / CentOS As Guest Operating Systemhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/kvm-virt-install-install-freebsd-centos-guest/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/kvm-virt-install-install-freebsd-centos-guest/#comments Tue, 12 Jan 2010 10:54:52 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=7714 virt-manager requires GUI locally and it is slow. On other hand virt-install is a command line tool for provisioning new virtual machines using the "libvirt" hypervisor management library. The tool supports both text based & graphical installations, using serial console, SDL graphics or a VNC client/server pair. The guest can be configured to use one or more virtual disks, network interfaces, audio devices, and physical host devices (USB, PCI). You can use the virt-install to create virtualized guests as follows to install FreeBSD or CentOS.]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/kvm-virt-install-install-freebsd-centos-guest/feed/ 0 FreeBSD Install vnStat: A Console-Based Network Traffic Monitorhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-install-vnstat-network-traffic-monitor-software/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-install-vnstat-network-traffic-monitor-software/#comments Thu, 24 Dec 2009 04:51:28 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=6092 How do I install vnStat under FreeBSD 8 operating system to keep track of my network traffic?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-install-vnstat-network-traffic-monitor-software/feed/ 1 BIND DNS: Disable Dynamic Updateshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-bind-named-disable-dynamic-updates/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-bind-named-disable-dynamic-updates/#comments Mon, 14 Dec 2009 13:41:08 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=6000 BIND9 dynamic updates allow remote servers to add, delete, or modify any entries in my zone file. How do I disable dynamic updates under BIND 9 (named) for any zone?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-bind-named-disable-dynamic-updates/feed/ 1 HowTo: Upgrade FreeBSD 7.2 To FreeBSD 8 Using csuphttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-8-upgrade-tutorial/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-8-upgrade-tutorial/#comments Mon, 23 Nov 2009 19:27:30 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=5843 How do I upgrade FreeBSD 7.2 to FreeBSD 8 stable using csup source code method including all ports?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/freebsd-8-upgrade-tutorial/feed/ 7 BIND 9 Configure Views To Partition External and Internal DNS Informationhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-bind9-named-configure-views/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-bind9-named-configure-views/#comments Sat, 21 Nov 2009 08:37:05 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=5806 How do I configure Bind 9 dns server views to allow a single nameserver in my DMZ to make different sets of data available to different sets of clients? For example, I'd like to run recursion, some other data for LAN users (192.168.1.0/24), and for the Internet user I'd like to display limited DNS data without recursion. How do I configure views to partition external (Internet) and internal (LAN) DNS information?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-bind9-named-configure-views/feed/ 4 Linux Configure Logwatch on the Central Log Serverhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-configure-central-log-server/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-configure-central-log-server/#comments Tue, 10 Nov 2009 03:00:37 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=5745 I'm using Logwatch for reporting on unusual items in syslog. I've central logserver up and running. All other Linux servers send logs to a remote loghost called log.example.com. How do I configure Logwatch on the central log server so that it will send daily logs messages in a single e-mail?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-configure-central-log-server/feed/ 3 Rsnapshot WARNING: Could not lchown() symlink "/path/to/file" Error and Solutionhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/warning-could-not-lchown/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/warning-could-not-lchown/#comments Tue, 03 Nov 2009 16:17:05 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=5613 I got rsnapshot based backup server up and running for my network under Debian Linux 5.x. But, whenever I run a backup job using the following command:
rsnapshot -v -c /root/rsnapshot.server1.conf hourly
I get the following messages on screen:
WARNING: Could not lchown() symlink "/nas/.rsnapshot/hourly.1/server1.example.com/etc/alternatives/locate" WARNING: Could not lchown() symlink "/nas/.rsnapshot/hourly.1/server1.example.com/etc/alternatives/nc.1.gz" WARNING: Could not lchown() symlink "/nas/.rsnapshot/hourly.1/server1.example.com/etc/alternatives/jexec-binfmt" WARNING: Could not lchown() symlink "/nas/.rsnapshot/hourly.1/server1.example.com/etc/alternatives/servertool"

How do I fix this problem?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/warning-could-not-lchown/feed/ 3 Linux Convert an MP3 File to WAV Formathttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/convert-mp3-files-to-wav-files-in-linux/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/convert-mp3-files-to-wav-files-in-linux/#comments Tue, 03 Nov 2009 16:13:40 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=5672 How do I convert an MP3 file to WAV format under Linux using a shell prompt?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/convert-mp3-files-to-wav-files-in-linux/feed/ 10 Samba Restrict File Sharing To Particular Users or Network Addresseshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/samba-user-network-file-sharing-restictions/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/samba-user-network-file-sharing-restictions/#comments Fri, 16 Oct 2009 08:35:07 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=5355 All my local Linux user accounts will be able to log in to my Samba server and access share. How do I restrict access to particular users or network subnet such as 192.168.2.1/24?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/samba-user-network-file-sharing-restictions/feed/ 6