Frequently Asked Questions About Linux / UNIX » Windows http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq Every answer asks a more beautiful question. Fri, 03 Feb 2012 22:38:32 +0000 en hourly 1 http://wordpress.org/?v=3.3.1 Remote Shutdown of a Linux / Unix Computer From MS-Windowshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/shutdown-remote-linux-server-pc-from-windows-computer/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/shutdown-remote-linux-server-pc-from-windows-computer/#comments Wed, 13 Jul 2011 07:00:59 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=10820 How do I shutdown remote Linux or UNIX system from MS-Windows system? ]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/shutdown-remote-linux-server-pc-from-windows-computer/feed/ 0 HowTo: Convert Between Unix and Windows text fileshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/convert-ctrlm-carriage-return-between-unix-windows-textfiles/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/convert-ctrlm-carriage-return-between-unix-windows-textfiles/#comments Mon, 18 Apr 2011 18:33:48 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=10301 How can I convert newline [ line break or end-of-line (EOL) character ] between Unix and Windows text files?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/convert-ctrlm-carriage-return-between-unix-windows-textfiles/feed/ 0 UNIX Command Line Tools For MS-Windows XP / Vista / 7 Operating Systemshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-command-line-utilities-for-windows/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-command-line-utilities-for-windows/#comments Thu, 25 Feb 2010 06:13:32 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=6609 I wish I had access to one of those nifty UNIX command-line tools under MS-Windows Vista or XP operating systems. How do I access UNIX command line utilities under Windows with out using virtualization?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/unix-command-line-utilities-for-windows/feed/ 12 Transfer Files From One UNIX Server To Another Server Using Windows / Linux Desktophttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/transfer-files-from-unix-server/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/transfer-files-from-unix-server/#comments Mon, 15 Feb 2010 12:00:48 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=6454 How do I securely transfer files from one UNIX / Linux server to another UNIX server using Windows or Linux desktop clients without using ftp client?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/transfer-files-from-unix-server/feed/ 17 Reverse nslookup Commandhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/reverse-nslookup-command/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/reverse-nslookup-command/#comments Thu, 03 Dec 2009 20:58:26 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=9484 How do I use nslookup command line administrative tool for testing and troubleshooting DNS servers including reverse lookup under UNIX or Windows operating systems? How do I look up an IP address of a domain or host on a network using nslookup command?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/reverse-nslookup-command/feed/ 1 Firefox: Add a Trusted CAhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/firefox-adding-trusted-ca/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/firefox-adding-trusted-ca/#comments Mon, 31 Aug 2009 09:29:59 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=5147 The default Firefox comes with certificates from well-known commercial CAs. My ISP is also CA and Firefox cannot verified it because the CA is not recognized. How do I force Firefox to accept my ISPs certificate?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/firefox-adding-trusted-ca/feed/ 6 Adobe Photoshop Alternatives For Linux Desktophttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/adobe-photoshop-alternatives-for-linux-desktop/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/adobe-photoshop-alternatives-for-linux-desktop/#comments Thu, 13 Aug 2009 08:56:31 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=4752 I need Photoshop alternative under Ubuntu Linux for basic editing. I know Photoshop can be run using Wine but I'm not able to afford expensive software for just basic editing. Can you suggest a few free FOSS apps that works as alternatives to Photoshop under Ubuntu or Fedora Linux desktop operating systems?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/adobe-photoshop-alternatives-for-linux-desktop/feed/ 6 PHP Add Captcha Protection To Web Formshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/php-captcha-class-simple-php-captcha-example/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/php-captcha-class-simple-php-captcha-example/#comments Wed, 24 Jun 2009 09:37:59 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=4176 I own a small business website. However, bots started to abusing my forms such as contact.php. How do I stop bots bots from abusing my site? How do I tell if PHP form is submitted by a person or a script?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/php-captcha-class-simple-php-captcha-example/feed/ 15 Tunneling X Connection Through Intermediate Linux / BSD Gatewayhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/proxycommand-ssh-session-internal-host-through-gateway/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/proxycommand-ssh-session-internal-host-through-gateway/#comments Thu, 07 May 2009 22:05:05 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=3753 I've ssh gateway behind my NAT firewall. So all users must first login to my gateway host from the internet and then login to other machines on the LAN. This works great for cli based apps. However, few users would like to run x apps from internal LAN hosts and tunnel X display through intermediate ssh gateway and display back output on their local system. For example, from localsystem user makes connection as follows:

ssh -X user@gateway.example.com ssh -X user@somelan.example.com
X forwarding fails with an error:

Error: Can't open display:


How do I fix this problem and allow users to use X apps with my intermediate Linux / BSD gateway?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/proxycommand-ssh-session-internal-host-through-gateway/feed/ 5 Samba Restrict IPC$ ( list of shared resources )http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/samba-restrict-access-to-ipc-share/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/samba-restrict-access-to-ipc-share/#comments Mon, 20 Apr 2009 12:07:46 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=3640 The IPC$ share allows users to anonymously fetch a list of shared resources from a server. It can be used as a point of attack into a system. How do I disable or limit IPC$ under Samba to certain subnet such as 10.0.0.0/8?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/samba-restrict-access-to-ipc-share/feed/ 0 What is the difference between authentication and authorization?http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/authentication-vs-authorization/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/authentication-vs-authorization/#comments Fri, 13 Mar 2009 22:21:10 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=3466 What is the difference between authentication and authorization? Why it is important to understand difference between two?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/authentication-vs-authorization/feed/ 6 Find the DNS Authority Record for a DNS Domain (SOA)http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/find-dns-domain-start-of-authority-record/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/find-dns-domain-start-of-authority-record/#comments Thu, 05 Feb 2009 06:20:03 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=3204 Q. How do I find out the DNS authority record (SOA) for any DNS domain under UNIX / Linux shell?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/find-dns-domain-start-of-authority-record/feed/ 1 How to: MySQL Delete Columnhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/mysql-drop-column-syntax/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/mysql-drop-column-syntax/#comments Sat, 17 Jan 2009 19:52:01 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=5412 How do I delete a column from an existing MySQL table using UNIX / Windows / Linux mysql command line utility sql syntax?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/mysql-drop-column-syntax/feed/ 0 Can I Use Multiple Virtualization Technologies Simultaneously under Linux?http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-run-multiple-virtualization-technologies-simultaneously/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-run-multiple-virtualization-technologies-simultaneously/#comments Fri, 16 Jan 2009 07:51:30 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=3083 Q. I was reading this article and wanted to try out KVM, XEN, VMWare and VirtualBox simultaneously on my desktop system with 2GB RAM? Why I'm not able to use run multiple virtualization technologies simultaneously under Ubuntu Linux? Can a Linux server run multiple virtualization technologies simultaneously?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-run-multiple-virtualization-technologies-simultaneously/feed/ 4 Linux / UNIX: Ping a Block of Hosts (netblock)http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-ping-a-block-of-hosts-netblock/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-ping-a-block-of-hosts-netblock/#comments Thu, 08 Jan 2009 09:05:37 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=3055 Q. How do I ping a block of hosts such as 192.168.1.0/24?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-ping-a-block-of-hosts-netblock/feed/ 6 Domain Redirection Using a PHP Scripthttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/domain-redirection-using-php-script/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/domain-redirection-using-php-script/#comments Thu, 18 Dec 2008 20:11:48 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=2876 Q. How do I redirect my domain name using a php server side scripting under Apache web server?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/domain-redirection-using-php-script/feed/ 1 Windows Delete File Securely / Permanently Delete File Datahttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/windows-xp-vista-server-delete-file-securely-permanently/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/windows-xp-vista-server-delete-file-securely-permanently/#comments Wed, 17 Dec 2008 14:04:58 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=2861 Q. I know how to delete a file securely using GNU/Linux and Open source tools under Linux. I'm looking for DoD 5520.22-M or NNSA NAP-14.x.secure compliant delete utility under Windows. How do I delete a file permanently under Windows XP or Server operating system with NTFS? ]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/windows-xp-vista-server-delete-file-securely-permanently/feed/ 3 Detecting DoS / DDoS Attack on a Windows 2003 / 2008 Serverhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/detect-ddos-dos-attack-on-windows-server/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/detect-ddos-dos-attack-on-windows-server/#comments Fri, 21 Nov 2008 08:28:12 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=2533 Question: How do I detect a DDOS (Distributed denial of service) / DOS attack on a Windows Server 2003 / 2000 / 2008? Can I use Linux netstat command syntax to detect DDoS attacks?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/detect-ddos-dos-attack-on-windows-server/feed/ 7 PHP Find / Extract Substringshttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/php-extracting-accessing-substrings/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/php-extracting-accessing-substrings/#comments Sat, 25 Oct 2008 13:42:19 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=2243 Q. How do I find out if a string stored in a variable contains a particular substring using PHP? How do I find out (extract) first 5 character of a particular string using Apache and PHP?]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/php-extracting-accessing-substrings/feed/ 0 Linux / UNIX: Administer The Printer From a Web Browserhttp://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-administer-printer-from-webbrowser/ http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-administer-printer-from-webbrowser/#comments Wed, 22 Oct 2008 13:40:38 +0000 Vivek Gite http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/?p=2192 Q. How do I administer the printer configured under Linux file and printer server from a web browser? ]]> http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-unix-administer-printer-from-webbrowser/feed/ 0