Q. Solaris and FreeBSD both provide the truss command to monitor and debug system calls. I'm unable to find this command or package. How can I install truss under Linux?
A. truss is a debugging utility in Solaris and FreeBSD to monitor the system calls used. It is used to trace call and useful debugging many problems. Linux provides strace command. This command is installed by default. strace is a useful diagnostic, instructional, and debugging tool. System administrators, diagnosticians and troubleshooters will find it invaluable for solving problems with programs for which the source is not readily available since they do not need to be recompiled in order to trace them.
strace for Linux, added many of the features of truss command from SVR4, and produced an strace that worked on both platforms.
strace examples
Run strace against /bin/bash and capture its output to a text file in /tmp/output.txt:
$ strace -o /tmp/output.txt /bin/bash
$ vi /tmp/output.txt
$ grep '^open' /tmp/output.txt
Output:
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libncurses.so.5", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/tls/i686/cmov/libdl.so.2", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NONBLOCK|O_LARGEFILE) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/usr/share/locale/locale.alias", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/en_IN/LC_IDENTIFICATION", O_R
.....
....
.....
open("/etc/inputrc", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3
open("/proc/sys/kernel/ngroups_max", O_RDONLY) = 3
$ grep '^connect' /tmp/output.txt
connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
connect(3, {sa_family=AF_FILE, path="/var/run/nscd/socket"}, 110) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)To see only a trace of the open, close, read, and write system calls, enter:
$ strace -e trace=open,close,read,write df > output.txt
Another good option is ltrace - its use is very similar to strace command.
Refer strace man pages for all options:
man strace
man ltrace
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{ 1 comment… read it below or add one }
Can you give some more real world examples.The above article is short.
As an example suppose you are running xen and xend fails
then strace /etc/init.d/xend gives some output I see -1 ENONENT signal but how can I reach a conclusion.I mean what you wrote tell what strace does.But if an example can be there as how some one solved their problem using strace that will be even better.