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FreeBSD : How to setup shared directories

Posted by Vivek Gite [Last updated: June 18, 2005]

Recently one of the new admin come across classic problem of "Sharing Directories Among Several User". I explained him the commands and decided to write this. Although concept is almost same as Linux/UNIX; still people comes across problem. Here is scenario:

/home/project1 : Shared directory
usr1, usr2, ... usrN : Would like to work and share files in /home/project1 directory
padmin : Main project administrator

(A) Create a shared directory /home/project1

# mkdir /home/project1

(B) Create the group project1

# pw group add project1

# pw user add -n padmin -d /home/project1 -g project1 -m
# passwd padmin

(D) Add rest of users to group project1

# pw user add -n usr1 -d /home/project1 -g project1
# pw user add -n usr2 -d /home/project1 -g project1

....

# passwd usr1
# passwd usr2

...

(E) Setup permission on /home/project1 directory as follows:

a) Setup group ownership to project1 group:

# chown -R padmin.project1 /home/project1

b) Setup permission on directory i.e. setup full permission for group and owner on a directory:

# chmod -R 775 /home/project1

c) Setup sgid bit. So what is sgid bit? Normally when ever you creates file in a directory it belong to
default group of user. When a file is created in a directory with the sgid bit set it belogns to the same group as the directory. The result is all users of project1 group can create/alter files in /home/project1 directory:

# chmod -R 2775 /home/project1

# chmod -R g+s /home/project1

Now each user can login over ssh and use the directory for project. Note if you wish to add an existing users to project1 group for sharing files then use pw command as follows:

# pw user mod -n username -G project1

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