How to Install and Configure ProFTPD in RHEL / CentOS / Fedora Linux
This is a user contributed tutorial.
ProFTPD is an enhanced, secure and highly configurable FTP server. Its configuration syntax is very similar to apache web server. It offers several functionalities such as:
+ multiple virtual server
+ anonymous
+ authenticated access
+ chroot jail support
+ SSL/TLS encryption
+ RADIUS, LDAP and SQL support etc
Install ProFTPD server
Type the following command as root user:
# yum install proftpd
Start ProFTPD when the system reboot:
# chkconfig --level 3 proftpd on
To start proftpd ftp service, enter:
# service proftpd start
To Stop proftpd ftp server, enter:
# service proftpd stop
To restart proftpd ftp service, enter:
# service proftpd restart
To reload the configuration file, enter:
# service proftpd reload
/etc/proftpd.conf - Proftpd configuration file
The default configuration file is located at /etc/proftpd.conf. To edit the configuration file, enter:
# vim /etc/proftpd.conf
Checking the syntax of the configuration file
# proftpd -t6
Virtual users authentication configuration
When you install ProFTPD, it is almost ready to use by anonymous users, you only have to uncomment anonymous section in /etc/proftpd.conf but if you want authenticated access then you must configure extra directives, keep in mind these to virtual users authentication.
- AuthUserFile : Specify the users file, has the same format as /etc/passwd
- AuthGroupFile : Specify the groups file, has the same format as /etc/group
Open /etc/proftpd.conf file:
# vi /etc/proftpd.conf
These files can be created with ftpasswd tool, here is an example:
# ftpasswd --passwd --name {username} --file /etc/ftpd.passwd --uid {5000} --gid {5000} --home /var/ftp/username-home/ --shell /bin/false
# ftpasswd --group --name group1 –file /etc/ftpd.group --gid 5000 --member username
For example, add a ftp user called tom for cyberciti.biz domain (ftpcbz group):
# ftpasswd --passwd --name tom --file /etc/ftpd.passwd --uid 5001 --gid 5001 --home /var/ftp/tom/ --shell /bin/false
# ftpasswd --group --name ftpcbz –file /etc/ftpd.group --gid 5000 --member tom
Then the above directives must be set in this way :
AuthUserFile /etc/ftpd.passwd AuthGroupFile /etc/ftpd.group
Warnings! The created user must have UNIX permission under his home directory.
The value of --shell option must be set to /bin/false if you want to improve the security of the FTP server.
Sometimes ProFTPD throws many errors when you try to authenticated trough virtual users then you must look these directives and theris recommend values.
Don't check against /etc/shells
RequireValidShell off
Don't check against /etc/passwd, use only AuthUserFile
AuthOrder mod_auth_file.c.
Disable PAM authentication
PersistentPasswd off
AuthPAM off
To jail users to theirs respective home directories, add following to config file:
DefaulRoot ~
Playing with files access permission
The general syntax is as follows:
Umask FILEMODE DIRMODE.
Sets the mask of the newly created files and directories. FILEMODE and DIRMODE must be an octal mode, in the format 0xxx. If DIRMODE is omitted then DIRMODE = FILEMODE.
Some examples:
Umask 022
- The owner has rw permissions over the files and full access over directories.
- The group has r permission over the files and rx over directories.
- The world has r permission over the files and rx over directories.
More restrictive:
Umask 026 027
- The owner has rw permissions over the files and full access over directories.
- The group has r permission over the files and rx over directories.
- The world doesn't have any permission over the files neither over directories.
To Deny every one except admin changes files permission via ftp put this in your context:
AllowUser admin
DenyAll
Firewall Configuration - Open FTP port
See FAQ section for further details on iptables configuration.
Further readings:
This article / faq is contributed by Yoander Valdés Rodríguez (yoander). nixCraft welcomes readers' tips / howtos.
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Tags: apache web server, authentication, configuration file, configuration syntax, ftp service, ldap, proftpd, proftpd tutorial, support ssl, virtual server, yum
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