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	<title>nixCraft &#187; hard disk</title>
	<atom:link href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/tag/hard-disk/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips</link>
	<description>This is a Linux sys admin journal by Vivek about sys admin work, Linux tips &#38; tricks, hacks, news and more.</description>
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			<item>
		<title>Linux: Should You Use Twice the Amount of Ram as Swap Space?</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-swap-space.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-swap-space.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2008 08:50:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[File system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[FreeBSD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gentoo Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux desktop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux laptop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OpenBSD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RedHat/Fedora Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Solaris]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Storage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Suse Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tuning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UNIX]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[data center]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fedora linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[load balancing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory manager]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[memory pages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[raid 10]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ram size]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[swap files]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[swap partition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[swap space]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/?p=3586</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<div style='float:right;margin-top:0px;margin-left:5px;'><a href='http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/category/file-system' title='See all File system related tips/articles'><img src='http://figs.cyberciti.biz/3rdparty/file-manager.png' border='0' /></a></div>
Linux and other Unix-like operating systems use the term "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paging">swap</a>" to describe both the act of moving memory pages between RAM and disk, and the region of a disk the pages are stored on. It is common to use a whole partition of a hard disk for swapping. However, with the 2.6 Linux kernel, swap files are just as fast as swap partitions. Now, many admins (both Windows and Linux/UNIX) follow an old rule of thumb that your swap partition should be twice the size of your main system RAM. Let us say I've 32GB RAM, should I set swap space to 64 GB? Is 64 GB of swap space really required? How big should your Linux / UNIX swap space be? ]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>52</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Record Labels To Sue SourceForge Open Source Project Hosting Platform</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/record-labels-sue-vuze-limewire-sourceforge.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/record-labels-sue-vuze-limewire-sourceforge.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 16 Nov 2008 08:35:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[GNU/Open source]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Networking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[application developers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bittorrent client]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[credibility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[development platform]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[french record]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[limewire]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[morpheus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[open source development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[open source project]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[p2p applications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[record labels]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[shareaza]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sourceforge]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/?p=3548</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<div style='float:right;margin-top:0px;margin-left:5px;'><a href='http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/category/news' title='See all UNIX/Linux News'><img src='http://figs.cyberciti.biz/3rdparty/news-logo.jpg' border='0' /></a></div>
Consider this ... the stupidest example of law. From the blog post:<br />
<blockquote>French record labels have received the green light to sue four US-based companies that develop P2P applications, including the BitTorrent client Vuze, Limewire and Morpheus. Shareaza is the fourth application, for which the labels are going after the open source development platform SourceForge.
</blockquote>]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Seagate Barracuda: 1.5TB Hard Drive Launched</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/seagates-barracuda-15tb-hard-disk.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/seagates-barracuda-15tb-hard-disk.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Oct 2008 18:53:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Data recovery]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[File system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux desktop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Storage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sys admin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UNIX]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[data center]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[deskstar 7k1000]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard drive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hitachi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multimedia data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[multiple operating systems]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[music mp3s]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reliability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[seagate 500gb]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[seagate barracuda]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[terabyte]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[warranty]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/?p=3149</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<div style='float:right;margin-top:0px;margin-left:5px;'><a href='http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/category/news' title='See all UNIX/Linux News'><img src='http://figs.cyberciti.biz/3rdparty/news-logo.jpg' border='0' /></a></div>
Wow, this is a large size desktop hard disk for storing movies, tv shows, music / mp3s, and photos. You can also load multiple operating systems using vmware or other software for testing purpose. This hard disk comes with 5 year warranty and can transfer at 300MB/s. But,  How reliable is the 1.5TB hard disk?]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How To Avoid Sudden Outburst Of Backup Shell Script / Program Disk I/O</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-set-io-scheduling-class-priority.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-set-io-scheduling-class-priority.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 03 Jun 2008 13:13:44 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CentOS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[High performance computing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Howto]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RedHat/Fedora Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shell scripting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Storage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Troubleshooting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tuning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UNIX]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[data center]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bandwidth management]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bandwidth scheduling program using shell scripting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bandwidth throttle software]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bandwidth throttling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[best effort]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cfq]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disk bandwidth throttling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[grace period]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[how to backup with io priority]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ionice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ionice command]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[limit bandwidth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux bandwidth throttling]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux io process]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux kernels]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mod_fastcgi tuning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mysql disk io]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[outburst]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[per second]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[priorities]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[priority programs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[queue]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[script ionice]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sudden outburst]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[throttle bandwidth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[throttle network bandwidth]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/?p=2339</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<div style='float:right;margin-top:0px;margin-left:5px;'><a href='http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/category/linux' title='See all GNU/Linux related tips/articles'><img src='http://figs.cyberciti.biz/3rdparty/linux-logo.png' border='0' /></a></div>
Describes how to deal with high disk I/O generating scripts or programs using ionice and CFQ scheduling class under Linux.]]></description>
		<wfw:commentRss>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-set-io-scheduling-class-priority.html/feed</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>7</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Linux Find SCSI Hard Disk Model, Serial Number, Size, and Total Sectors Information</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/sdparm-linux-scsi-device-attribute.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/sdparm-linux-scsi-device-attribute.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 26 May 2008 11:22:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Debian Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Howto]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disk model]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disk parameters]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[information inquiry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mode parameters]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sdparm command]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[serial number]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/?p=2316</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Explains Linux command for getting SCSI hard disk model / make, serial number and other information.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Splashtop to Ship ASUS Motherboards With Linux Preinstalled On BIOS</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/splashtop-asus-linux-motherboard.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/splashtop-asus-linux-motherboard.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 May 2008 11:42:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mozilla]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[1tb]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[asus p5e3]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bios]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[boots]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[home storage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[instant message]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intel celeron]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux stack]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operating system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pc components]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pc motherboard]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[preinstalled]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[skype]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[victory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[web browser]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wifi]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/?p=2296</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In what I think is the biggest victory for Linux so far, DeviceVM’s Splashtop Linux desktop will ship across the entire P5Q range of motherboards.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Linux Disk Benchmarking &#8211; IO Performance With fio Tool</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-disk-benchmarking-io.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-disk-benchmarking-io.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Apr 2008 14:41:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[computer benchmarking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disk benchmark]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disk benchmarking software]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[download fio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk benchmark]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard drive benchmark]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lnux disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[performance benchmarking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[system performance]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/?p=2190</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
You can use old good hdparm to find out  how fast is your hard disk under Linux. There is another tool called Bonnie++ which is a benchmark suite that is aimed at performing a number of simple tests of hard drive and file system performance. Then you can decide which test is important and [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Linux Ramback: Use a Terabyte of RAM</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-ramback-patch.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-ramback-patch.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 24 Mar 2008 09:26:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[backing store]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dirty data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[durability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intensive applications]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kernel patch]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[magnetic media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[new application]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[performance level]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[power management]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ram disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ramdisk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[server line]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[system ram]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[terabyte]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[typical test]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ups]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[virtual device]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[virtual memory system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[winks]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-ramback-patch.html</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
An experimental new design for Linux's virtual memory system would turn a large amount of system RAM into a fast RAM disk with automatic sync to magnetic media. Most servers comes with 2-16 GB ram installed but not with a terabyte of installed memory (for 1TB+ ram go with IBM / Sun E25k server line). [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>OS X Love: Apple MacBook Air ~ The world&#8217;s thinnest notebook</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/apple-macbook-air.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/apple-macbook-air.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Jan 2008 15:22:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OS X]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apple authorized resellers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[apple store]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[lightweight]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[macbook]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UNIX]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[unix os]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[video camera]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/apple-macbook-air.html</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Wow, I'm seriously considering one
#1: It runs on UNIX (OS X)
#2: Lightweight
#3: 2Gig RAM / 80GiB hard disk
#4: Inbuilt  video camera and much more.
The new MacBook Air will be shipping in two weeks through the Apple Store and Apple Authorized Resellers for a suggested retail price of US $1,799. I want one.
]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>7</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to: Upgrade Fedora Linux From 32-bit System to 64-bit Version w/o Reinstalling Server</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/upgrade-linux-from-32-to-64-bit.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/upgrade-linux-from-32-to-64-bit.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 13 Jan 2008 11:26:37 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Howto]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Links]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RedHat/Fedora Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[address extension]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[architecture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[article one]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[c library]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[complete system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fedora linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intel core 2]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux distribution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux installation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pae]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[physical address]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[risk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[system memory]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/upgrade-linux-from-32-to-64-bit.html</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
This small guide may come handy...
From the article:
One great thing about Linux is that you can transplant a hard disk from a machine that runs a 32-bit AMD XP processor into a new 64-bit Intel Core 2 machine, and the Linux installation will continue to work. However, if you do this, you'll be running a [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How do I find out Linux Disk utilization?</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-disk-performance-monitoring-howto.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-disk-performance-monitoring-howto.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Dec 2007 14:24:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CentOS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Debian Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[File system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Howto]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[RedHat/Fedora Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Storage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Troubleshooting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tuning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[command disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cpu utilization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[device utilization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[disk utilization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[input output device]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[intervals]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iostat command]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux disk performance monitor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[monitoring system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[rsec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[speed monitoring]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[speed performance]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[system input]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[utilization report]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wsec]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-disk-performance-monitoring-howto.html</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
I've already written about finding out Linux / UNIX cpu utilization using various tools. You can use same iostat command to find out disk utilization and for monitoring system input/output device loading by observing the time the physical disks are active in relation to their average transfer rates. 
iostat syntax for disk utilization report
iostat  [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>6</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Download of the day: Fedora Linux Games Live DVD</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/download-fedora-linux-games-live-dvd.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/download-fedora-linux-games-live-dvd.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Nov 2007 07:05:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Download of the day]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux desktop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux distribution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RedHat/Fedora Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bittorent]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[download fedora linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[games]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux gamers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux Games]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux games live cd]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[usb flash]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/download-fedora-linux-games-live-dvd.html</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
Fedora Games spin is a custom variant of Fedora targeted at Linux gamers. This is to demonstrate the gaming potential of Fedora without altering user's existing configuration. The Live DVD also allows installation to hard disk or USB flash.

Download Fedora Linux Live DVD
=> Download DVD ISO and Bittorent files
]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Test If Linux Server SCSI / SATA Hard Disk Going Bad</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-find-out-if-harddisk-failing.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-find-out-if-harddisk-failing.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 04 Jul 2007 20:16:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CentOS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Debian Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[File system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gentoo Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Howto]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux distribution]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sys admin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Troubleshooting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ata ide]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[drive failures]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[error logs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard drive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard drives]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[log messages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reporting technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[scsi_3]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[self test]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[self tests]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[smart disks]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[smart self]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[smart system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[something is wrong]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-find-out-if-harddisk-failing.html</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<div style='float:right;margin-top:0px;margin-left:5px;'><a href='http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/category/linux' title='See all GNU/Linux related tips/articles'><img src='http://c.cyberciti.biz/cbzcache/3rdparty/linux-logo.png' border='0' /></a></div>

One of our regular sends us a question:
<blockquote>How can I test if my hard disk is going bad? I see few errors in /var/log/messages file.</blockquote>
I/O errors in /var/log/messages indicates that something is wrong with the hard disk and it may be failing.

You can check hard disk errors using smartctl command, which is control and monitor utility for SMART disks under Linux / UNIX like operating systems.]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>9</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>How to: Flashing your system BIOS under Linux</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/howto-flash-your-system-bios-under-linux.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/howto-flash-your-system-bios-under-linux.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 31 Aug 2006 19:37:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Vivek Gite</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Howto]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[award bios flash]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[award bios flash utility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[basic input output system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bios flash utility]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dell desktops]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dell servers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dos system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flash bios]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flash bios without floppy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flash the bios]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flashing bios]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[how to flash bios]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[input output system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[laptops]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operating system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[scsi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[software programs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[system bios]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[system hardware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[windows dos]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/howto-flash-your-system-bios-under-linux.html</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[BIOS is Basic Input/Output System or Basic Integrated Operating System used by computer when you switch on computer. 
Most of you may aware that the main function of BIOS is to prepare the system hardware so other software programs stored on hard disk can load, execute the stuff.
BIOS updates are critical for Linux server. In [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Re-read the partition table without rebooting Linux system</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/re-read-the-partition-table-without-rebooting-linux-system.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/re-read-the-partition-table-without-rebooting-linux-system.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 May 2006 13:35:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>LinuxTitli</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[File system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RedHat/Fedora Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sys admin]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tips]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Troubleshooting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[filesystem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hot swappable]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inform partition -table changes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[operating system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[partition table]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[partitions]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[partprobe command]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reboot]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[system kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[table changes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[using fdisk]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/re-read-the-partition-table-without-rebooting-linux-system.html</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[
If you are using hot swappable hard disk and created new partition using fdisk then you need to reboot Linux based system to get partition recognized. Without reboot you will NOT able to create filesystem on your newly created or modified partitions with the mke2fs command.
However with  partprobe  command you should able to [...]]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>11</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Configure Ubuntu Linux GRUB to load FreeBSD</title>
		<link>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/configure-ubuntu-grub-to-load-freebsd.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/configure-ubuntu-grub-to-load-freebsd.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Mar 2006 21:06:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>LinuxTitli</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[FreeBSD]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux desktop]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ubuntu Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[/boot/grub/menu.lst]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[boot image]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bootloader]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bsd]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CentOS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[configuration file]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fedora]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[freebsd 7.0]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gedit]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[grub boot loader]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hard disk]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kernel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linux]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linux grub]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[partition size]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reboot]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[red hat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[root device]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[root partition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ubuntu]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/configure-ubuntu-grub-to-load-freebsd.html</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Describes how to boot dual boot FreeBSD and Linux operating system using GNU boot loader called Grub (GRand Unified Bootloader)]]></description>
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		<slash:comments>12</slash:comments>
		</item>
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