9 articles tagged "ls command"

Find out if service / server running in chrooted jail or not under Linux
Chrooted jail allows run command or service such as http / mysql / postfix with special root directory i.e. chroot changes the root directory for application. The biggest benefit is a service that is re-rooted to another directory cannot access files outside that directory. Basically you are going to set service in sandbox. Chrooting offers [...]
Understanding the Linux file system directories / hierarchy
I’ve already written about conceptual information regarding file system, especially data structure and related terms that help you become a successful system administrator. However I do get few emails asking about /opt directory or /usr or /lost+found directories and their purpose on the system.
Exploring Linux File System Hierarchy
A typical Linux system has the following [...]
Linux: Find out how many file descriptors are being used
While administrating a box, you may wanted to find out what a processes is doing and find out how many file descriptors (fd) are being used. You will surprised to find out that process does open all sort of files:
=> Actual log file
=> /dev files
=> UNIX Sockets
=> Network sockets
=> Library files /lib /lib64
=> Executables and [...]
Linux display the date when a file was accessed with stat command
A quick question from my mail bag:
How do I display or get the date when a file was last time accessed?
The best and simplest way is to use stat command. It displays file or file system status such as:
=> File size
=> File type
=> Inode number
=> UID/GID
=> File access , modify and creation time etc.
stat command [...]
How Linux or UNIX Understand which program to run - PART I
This article was organically contributed by monk.
When you are logged in to a Linux server and you type a command. It is the responsibility of the shell to interpret your command. Here I will explain how BASH shell finds out which program to run. The method used by SHELL is straightforward but often creates confusion [...]
Why isn’t it possible to create hard links across file system boundaries?
A single inode number use to represent file in each file system. All hard links based upon inode number.
So linking across file system will lead into confusing references for UNIX or Linux. For example, consider following scenario
* File system: /home
* Directory: /home/vivek
* Hard link: /home/vivek/file2
* Original file: /home/vivek/file1
Now you create a hard link as [...]
Understanding UNIX / Linux filesystem Inodes

An inode is a data structure on a traditional Unix-style file system such as UFS or ext3. An inode stores basic information about a regular file, directory, or other file system object.
Linux: Burn multi session CDs on Linux
Under Linux you can use tool called cdrecored (use to record audio or data Compact Discs) with mkisofs (use to create an hybrid SO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem with optional Rock Ridge attributes ) for this purpose.
Step #1: Create first session as follows
1) Create an iso image first:
# mkisofs -R -o /tmp/cd.iso /backup/06-07-2004/
Where,

-R [...]
How to mount remote windows partition (windows share) under Linux
All files accessible in a Linux (and UNIX) system are arranged in one big tree, the file hierarchy, rooted at /. These files can be spread out over several devices. The mount command serves to attach the file system found on some device to the big file tree.
Use the mount command [...]