zsh: command not found: sudo
How do I install sudo command under a FreeBSD 9.x/10.x/11.x/12.x/13.x system?
Tutorial details | |
---|---|
Difficulty | Intermediate (rss) |
Root privileges | Yes |
Requirements | FreeBSD |
Time | 5m |
FreeBSD install sudo command
- Open the terminal application
- For remote server log in using the ssh command. For example: ssh ec2-user@ec2-freebsd-server-ip
- Update your pkg database, run: pkg update && pkg upgrade.
- Install sudo on FreeBSD by typing the pkg install sudo command.
- Configure sudo access on FreeBSD as per needs
Let us see how to install and use sudo on a FreeBSD system in details.
Install sudo using FreeBSD port system
To install the port, enter:
# cd /usr/ports/security/sudo/ && make install clean
FreeBSD Install sudo command using pkg_add or pkg command
To add the binary package use the pkg_add on older version of FreeBSD such as FreeBSD 9.x, run:
# pkg_add -rv sudo
OR
# pkg_add -r sudo
Sample outputs:
Fetching ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/amd64/packages-9.0-release/Latest/sudo.tbz... Done.
For the latest version of FreeBSD such as FreeBSD 11.x+ use the pkg command:
# pkg install sudo
Sample outputs:
Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue... Fetching meta.txz: 100% 916 B 0.9kB/s 00:01 Fetching packagesite.txz: 100% 6 MiB 955.9kB/s 00:07 Processing entries: 100% FreeBSD repository update completed. 31972 packages processed. All repositories are up to date. The following 1 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked): New packages to be INSTALLED: sudo: 1.9.3p1 Number of packages to be installed: 1 The process will require 4 MiB more space. 925 KiB to be downloaded. Proceed with this action? [y/N]: y [1/1] Fetching sudo-1.9.3p1.txz: 100% 925 KiB 473.4kB/s 00:02 Checking integrity... done (0 conflicting) [1/1] Installing sudo-1.9.3p1... [1/1] Extracting sudo-1.9.3p1: 100%
How do I configure sudo?
The default configuration file is located at /usr/local/etc/sudoers. This file MUST be edited with the visudo command as root. Failure to use visudo may result in syntax or file permission errors that prevent sudo from running.
% su -
# visudo
Allow user vivek to run all admin tasks via sudo:
vivek ALL=(ALL) ALL
Allow members of group wheel to execute any command:
%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
Save and close the file.
Task: Become a root user with sudo
Type the following command to run shell as the target user:
% sudo -s
Sample outputs:
We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things: #1) Respect the privacy of others. #2) Think before you type. #3) With great power comes great responsibility. Password: <Enter Your Own Password Here> fdbsd9#
In this following example run login shell as the target user:
$ sudo -i
Sample outputs:
Password: root@examplejail:~ #
Use the id command to verify the user and group names and numeric IDs:
$ id
See "How To Add, Delete, and Grant Sudo Privileges to Users on a FreeBSD Server" for detailed info.
Task: Run any command as root
The syntax is:
sudo /path/to/command sudo /path/to/command arg1
In this example, restart ftpd service:
% sudo /etc/rc.d/ftpd restart
Sample outputs:
Password: <Enter Your Own Password Here> Stopping ftpd. Starting ftpd.
How to list user's privileges or check a specific command
To see what commands you are allowed to run, type:
$ sudo -l
$ sudo -ll
Sample outputs:
User vivek may run the following commands on examplejail: Sudoers entry: RunAsUsers: ALL Commands: ALL
Summing up
We leanred how to insall and configure sudo on FreeBSD Unix operating system running in the cloud. See the following for more info:
🐧 5 comments so far... add one ↓
Category | List of Unix and Linux commands |
---|---|
File Management | cat |
Firewall | Alpine Awall • CentOS 8 • OpenSUSE • RHEL 8 • Ubuntu 16.04 • Ubuntu 18.04 • Ubuntu 20.04 |
Network Utilities | dig • host • ip • nmap |
OpenVPN | CentOS 7 • CentOS 8 • Debian 10 • Debian 8/9 • Ubuntu 18.04 • Ubuntu 20.04 |
Package Manager | apk • apt |
Processes Management | bg • chroot • cron • disown • fg • jobs • killall • kill • pidof • pstree • pwdx • time |
Searching | grep • whereis • which |
User Information | groups • id • lastcomm • last • lid/libuser-lid • logname • members • users • whoami • who • w |
WireGuard VPN | Alpine • CentOS 8 • Debian 10 • Firewall • Ubuntu 20.04 |
Nice guide, I have configured sudo on Arch (linux) a few times before, so this was quite straightforward for me.
However under ‘How do I configure sudo?’
# visdo
should surely be
# visudo
Thanks for the heads up!
Congrats Vivek,
Very simple, direct and help me a lot.
I agree very simple end easy to following guide for me. I was looking for “how to install sudo on FreeBSD”. The wheel group did the trick for me like Ubuntu system.
I was getting “freebsd insufficient privilege upgrade” error. After wasting so much time I login to server console. Installed sudo and it fix was deployed. Why sudo is not installed on FreeBSD like CentOS or Debian server by default?