The domain name service provided by BIND (named) software. It uses both UDP and TCP protocol and listen on port 53. DNS queries less than 512 bytes are transferred using UDP protocol and large queries are handled by TCP protocol such as zone transfer.
i) named/bind server – TCP/UDP port 53
ii)Client (browser, dig etc) – port > 1023
Allow outgoing DNS client request:
Following iptables rules can be added to your shell script.
SERVER_IP is your server ip address
DNS_SERVER stores the nameserver (DNS) IP address provided by ISP or your own name servers.
Following rules are useful when you run single web/smtp server or even DSL/LL/dialup Internet connections:
SERVER_IP="202.54.10.20" DNS_SERVER="202.54.1.5 202.54.1.6" for ip in $DNS_SERVER do iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -s $SERVER_IP --sport 1024:65535 -d $ip --dport 53 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp -s $ip --sport 53 -d $SERVER_IP --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT-p tcp -s $SERVER_IP --sport 1024:65535 -d $ip --dport 53 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s $ip --sport 53 -d $SERVER_IP --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT done
(B) Allow incoming DNS request at port 53:
Use following rules only if you are protecting dedicated DNS server.
SERVER_IP is IP address where BIND(named) is listing on port 53 for incoming DNS queries.
Please note that here I’m not allowing TCP protocol as I don’t have secondary DNS server to do zone transfer.
SERVER_IP="202.54.10.20" iptables -A INPUT -p udp -s 0/0 --sport 1024:65535 -d $SERVER_IP --dport 53 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -s $SERVER_IP --sport 53 -d 0/0 --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp -s 0/0 --sport 53 -d $SERVER_IP --dport 53 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -s $SERVER_IP --sport 53 -d 0/0 --dport 53 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
Please note if you have secondary server, add following rules to above rules so that secondary server can do zone transfer from primary DNS server:
DNS2_IP="202.54.10.2" iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s $DNS2_IP --sport 1024:65535 -d $SERVER_IP --dport 53 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -s $SERVER_IP --sport 53 -d $DNS2_IP --dport 1024:65535 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
- RSS feed or Weekly email newsletter
- Share to Twitter • Facebook • 4 comments... add one ↓
Top 25 Nginx Web Server Best Security Practices
Linux: 25 Iptables Netfilter Firewall Examples For New SysAdmins
Linux 25 PHP Security Best Practices For Sys Admins
40 Linux Server Hardening Security Tips [2019 edition]
How to: Troubleshoot UNIX / Linux BIND DNS server problems
Linux Building Rules For The Cluster With Firewall Builder
Top 20 OpenSSH Server Best Security Practices
| Category | List of Unix and Linux commands |
|---|---|
| File Management | cat |
| Firewall | CentOS 8 • OpenSUSE • RHEL 8 • Ubuntu 16.04 • Ubuntu 18.04 • Ubuntu 20.04 |
| Network Utilities | dig • host • ip • nmap |
| OpenVPN | CentOS 7 • CentOS 8 • Debian 10 • Debian 8/9 • Ubuntu 18.04 • Ubuntu 20.04 |
| Package Manager | apk • apt |
| Processes Management | bg • chroot • cron • disown • fg • jobs • killall • kill • pidof • pstree • pwdx • time |
| Searching | grep • whereis • which |
| User Information | groups • id • lastcomm • last • lid/libuser-lid • logname • members • users • whoami • who • w |
| WireGuard VPN | CentOS 8 • Debian 10 • Firewall • Ubuntu 20.04 |
Hey buddy,
check out this line in your how to:
iptables -A OUTPUT-pPoor copy and pasters
Also say your running a name server and you need to communicate with any name servers:
IPADDR=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
UNPRIVPORTS="1024:65535"
iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -s $IPADDR --sport $UNPRIVPORTS -d 0/0 --dport 53 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p udp -s 0/0 --sport 53 -d $IPADDR --dport $UNPRIVPORTS -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -s $IPADDR --sport $UNPRIVPORTS -d 0/0 --dport 53 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s 0/0 --sport 53 -d $IPADDR --dport $UNPRIVPORTS -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
Hi guys, don’t know it is right place to post it but i’d like to ask does any of you know how to change that port 53 to port 25. Our profesors in scool gave us something like this to solve.
For pure and simple DNS client (not hosting DNS server and so on), I scripted it as follows:
for dnsserverip in `grep nameserver /etc/resolv.conf | sed 's/.* //'` ; do/usr/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p udp --dport 53 -s $dnsserverip -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
/usr/sbin/iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -s $dnsserverip -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
done
I also have separate lines in my generic iptables script globally allowing “ESTABLISHED,RELATED”, negating the need for adding these parameters elsewhere.