HowTo: Wake Up Computers Using Linux Command [ Wake-on-LAN ( WOL ) ]

April 3, 2012in Debian Linux, Linux, Networking, Ubuntu Linux last updated April 3, 2012

Wake-on-LAN (WOL) is an Ethernet networking standard that allows a server to be turned on by a network message. You need to send ‘magic packets’ to wake-on-lan enabled ethernet adapters and motherboards, in order to switch on the called systems. Make sure you connect the NIC (eth0 or eth1) with the motherboard, and enable the WOL function in the BIOS. This is a quick guide to enable WOL under RHEL / Fedora / CentOS / Debian / Ubuntu Linux.

Client Software

You need to use software to send WoL magic packets. You will find various tools for all modern oses, including MS-Windows, Apple OS X, Linux, and many smart phones.

Linux Install etherwake Under Debian / Ubuntu Linux

etherwake command can be used to send a Wake-On-LAN “Magic Packet” under Linux operating systems. Type the following command to install the same under Debian / Ubuntu Linux desktop:
$ sudo aptitude install etherwake
Sample outputs:

[sudo] password for vivek:
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  etherwake wakeonlan{a}
0 packages upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 11 not upgraded.
Need to get 20.9 kB of archives. After unpacking 98.3 kB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] y
Get:1 http://mirror.anl.gov/debian/ squeeze/main etherwake amd64 1.09-3 [9,564 B]
Get:2 http://mirror.anl.gov/debian/ squeeze/main wakeonlan all 0.41-10 [11.4 kB]
Fetched 20.9 kB in 2s (10.3 kB/s)
Selecting previously deselected package etherwake.
(Reading database ... 195338 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking etherwake (from .../etherwake_1.09-3_amd64.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package wakeonlan.
Unpacking wakeonlan (from .../wakeonlan_0.41-10_all.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up etherwake (1.09-3) ...
Setting up wakeonlan (0.41-10) ...

Note: Red Hat Linux and friends user should use net-tools package which is installed by default.

How Do I Send WOL Magic Packets Under Linux?

Type the following command:
# wakeonlan MAC-Address-Here
OR
# etherwake MAC-Address-Here # etherwake -D MAC-Address-Here
RHEL / Centos / Fedora Linux user, try:
# ether-wake MAC-Address-Here
If your MAC address were xx:yy:zz:11:22:33, you would type:
# wakeonlan xx:yy:zz:11:22:33
OR
# etherwake xx:yy:zz:11:22:33
Where,

xx:yy:zz:11:22:33 is remote servers mac address. You can obtained mac address using combination of ping and arp command – ‘ping -c 4 server3 && arp -n‘.

How Do I Verify That Remote Linux Server Supports Wake-on-LAN (WOL)?

First, reboot the remote server and go to BIOS > Power Management > “Wake On LAN”. Turn it on. Next, save and close the bios. After activating Wake On LAN in hardware (BIOS) it is also necessary to activate it using ethtool. The ethtool will configure eth0 to respond to the magic packet:
# ethtool -s eth0 wol g
Where,

-s eth0 : Your NIC. Feel free to replace eth0 with your actual network interface device name.
wol g : Sets Wake-on-LAN options using MagicPacket.

Type the following command to see current status of wol for eth0:
# ethtool eth0
Sample outputs:

Settings for eth0:
	Supported ports: [ ]
	Supported link modes:
	Supports auto-negotiation: No
	Advertised link modes:  Not reported
	Advertised auto-negotiation: No
	Speed: 100Mb/s
	Duplex: Full
	Port: MII
	PHYAD: 1
	Transceiver: internal
	Auto-negotiation: off
        Supports Wake-on: g
       Wake-on: g
	Link detected: yes

If you are using RHEL / SL / Fedora / CentOS Linux, edit /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
Add / modify the following line:

ETHTOOL_OPTS="wol g"

ETHTOOL_OPTS="wol g autoneg off speed 100 duplex full "

Save and close the file. If you are using Debian / Ubuntu Linux, edit /etc/network/interfaces:
# vi /etc/network/interfaces
Append the following to eth0:

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.254
        post-up /sbin/ethtool -s eth0 wol g
        post-down /sbin/ethtool -s eth0 wol g

Recommend readings

man pages – ethtool, ether-wake / etherwake, arp, wakeonlan
Wake-on-LAN

Posted by: Vivek Gite

The author is the creator of nixCraft and a seasoned sysadmin and a trainer for the Linux operating system/Unix shell scripting. He has worked with global clients and in various industries, including IT, education, defense and space research, and the nonprofit sector. Follow him on Twitter, Facebook, Google+.

14 comment

anand vamsi says:
April 4, 2012 at 3:41 am
really a helpful command need to experiment.
Reply Report comment
Russell Gadd says:
April 4, 2012 at 8:53 am
I’m no expert but looking at Synaptic there is also a wakeonlan command which can be installed.
In the Synaptic blurb for this package it says:
You need the MAC addresses of machines to construct the WOL packets, but,
in contrast to ‘etherwake’, you do not need root privileges to use the
program itself as UDP packets are used.
Reply Report comment
1. nixCraft says:
  April 4, 2012 at 10:53 am
  Yes, wakeonlan can be run as non-root user, but etherwake must run as root.
  Reply Report comment
zam says:
April 4, 2012 at 3:44 pm
Hi
can any one please tell me How to shutdown the Computers Using Linux Command [ Wake-on-LAN ( WOL ) ]
Reply Report comment
1. Alex says:
  May 8, 2012 at 9:32 pm
  ssh into the box and, as root, “shutdown -h now”
  Reply Report comment
  1. Ion says:
    January 27, 2015 at 7:20 pm
    or poweroff
    Reply Report comment
Dan says:
April 8, 2012 at 8:50 pm
Shutdown a linux machine with : “sudo halt “.
Of course it can work without sudo if you have enough user rights.. ( see doc/ groups)
WOL is only for wake.
Reply Report comment
Nora says:
April 18, 2012 at 5:55 am
Should be possible, yes. But then I’d rehatr do a management interface where you can add all the MACs you possible want to wake and make the other thing a drop down menu. This would separate the admin from the user which may be a good thing.
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Simon says:
April 27, 2012 at 1:35 pm
Hey there.
I am searching for a way to send a magic packet with wakeonlan on startup, after the network is there. I already wrote a script but that doesnÂ´t work on startup. The stop-command works though, so the command I give is right. DonÂ´t know what I am doing wrong.
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1. nixCraft says:
  April 29, 2012 at 8:52 am
  Can you paste your script using pre tags here?
  Reply Report comment
2. Rich says:
  May 18, 2014 at 3:23 pm
  Did you ever figure this out? I’m trying to do the same thing.
  Reply Report comment
Roger Jollie says:
March 22, 2013 at 10:46 pm
If you want to shut down or reboot a remote computer such as a Windows box you can do the following:
net rpc shutdown -I ip or name of computer -U username%password
If you don’t want to have the password in plain text on the screen omit the %password and you will be prompted for it. if you use a -r switch the computer will reboot. If you are on a domain network you can use your domain account by using the following
domain/username
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HI,
One useful bash script if you want to automate WOL wake and inform user depending on the stats of it.
————————————————————————–
NOTE: “hppl-1” is the hostname in the script
==========================================

#!/bin/bash
VAR=`ping -s 1 -c 2 hppl-1 > /dev/null; echo $?`
if [ $VAR -eq 0 ];then
echo -e "hppl-1 is UP as on $(date)"
elif [ $VAR -eq 1 ];then
wakeonlan 9c:b6:12:09:8d:22 | echo "hppl-1 not turned on. WOL packet sent at $(date +%H:%M)"
sleep 3m | echo "Waiting 3 Minutes"
PING=`ping -s 1 -c 4 hppl-1 > /dev/null; echo $?`
if [ $PING -eq 0 ];then
echo "hppl-1 is UP as on $(date +%H:%M)"
else
echo "hppl-1 not turned on - Please Check Network Connections"
fi
fi

=====================================================
Saw this on this website www. howtovmlinux .com

Regards,
Ahmed

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Pulipuli says:
March 25, 2017 at 4:15 am
Very useful. Thanks.
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